狗狗是色盲吗图片(狗狗是色盲吗)

更新时间:2022-09-11 阅读:

<a href=/gougou/gougou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>狗狗</a>是色盲吗

有不少人误以为,狗狗的世界只有黑白两色。实际上,狗狗可以看到蓝色和黄色等颜色,虽然与人类相比它们的色觉非常有限。不过,与人类相比,狗狗的视觉也有一些优势,比如它们在黑暗中能看得更清楚。你知道狗是如何区分颜色的吗?一起来看看狗狗眼中的世界吧。

[Photo/Unsplash]

狗的视觉与人类的视觉有何区别

Your eyes pick up color using a type of cell called cones in your retina. The same is true for dogs, though our cones aren't exactly the same.

人类的眼睛通过视网膜的视锥细胞感知颜色,狗也是如此,但两者的视锥细胞并不完全相同。

Humans have three types of cones, \"which enables us to see different shades of red, blue-violet, and green,\" says Alison Meindl, DVM, a veterinarian, and professor at Colorado State University.

科罗拉多州立大学教授、兽医学博士、兽医艾莉森·梅恩德称,人类有三种视锥细胞,“因此我们能够看到不同深浅的红色、蓝紫色和绿色。”

Dogs have two types of cones that pick up blue-violet and yellow shades, says Lara Sypniewski, DVM, a professor of small animal medicine at Oklahoma State University.

俄克拉何马州立大学小型动物医学教授、兽医临床医生拉腊·西普尼夫斯基称,狗有两种视锥细胞,可以分辨蓝紫色和黄色。

This means that dogs see in a similar way to humans who are red-green colorblind. \"They don't see red or green and they see everything in shades of blue and yellow,\" says Jay Neitz, Phd, a researcher and professor of ophthalmology at the University of Washington.

这意味着狗的视觉与红绿色盲的人相似。华盛顿大学眼科教授、研究员杰伊·内茨博士称,“狗看不见红色或绿色,但能看到所有蓝黄色调的颜色。”

Humans may have the advantage in color vision, but dogs definitely have us beat in the realm of night vision. This is because dogs' eyes have more light-gathering power than ours, Neitz says.

人类在色觉方面可能有优势,但狗的夜视能力肯定比人类强。内茨说,这是因为狗的眼睛比人的眼睛更聚光。

A dog's retina is largely composed of cells called rods, which can sense light, even in very low-light conditions, says Sypniewski.

西普尼夫斯基说,狗的视网膜主要由视杆细胞组成,即使在光线很弱的情况下,视杆细胞也能感知光线。

[Photo/Unsplash]

关于狗狗视力的冷知识

Dogs are especially good at sensing movement. \"The increased number of rods in the dog's retina also increases their ability to detect motion,\" Sypniewski says. This ability can help them detect small prey like squirrels.

狗特别擅长感知运动。西普尼夫斯基说:“狗的视网膜中视杆细胞数量多,这使得它们观察运动的能力更强。”这种能力可以帮助它们发现像松鼠等小猎物。

Dogs have a wider field of vision than humans. Dogs' eyes are set slightly farther apart than humans' eyes, so they can see further to the side in each direction.

狗的视野比人类更广。狗比人的眼间距稍远,因此它们可以在每个方向上看得更远。

Dogs have blurrier long-distance vision than humans. A human with perfect vision has 20/20 vision, while dogs have 20/65 to 20/85. This means that \"a dog must be at 20 ft. to read a letter that a human with 20/20 vision would be able to read at 65 or 85 ft.,\" says Sypniewski.

狗的远距离视力比人类更模糊。拥有完美视力的人类有20/20的视力,而狗有20/65至20/85的视力。这意味着“狗必须在20英尺(约合6米)处才能看见一个拥有20/20视力的人类在65或85英尺处能看到的字”。

Dogs have trouble seeing things very close up. Dogs can see objects clearly if they're at least 13 to 20 inches away from their eyes, \"but if the object is closer, the image may be blurry,\" Sypniewski says. Humans can see objects slightly closer — about 10 inches away from the eye.

狗很难近距离观察事物。“当物体距离眼睛至少13到20英寸(约0.3到0.5米)远时,狗狗能看清楚,”但如果物体更近,眼中的图像可能就会模糊不清。人类可以看到更近的物体,大约到10英寸(0.25米)远。

Dogs may recognize you by your shape and motion. \"If your dog recognizes you from a distance, it is not because it can see the details of your face like a human would, but rather because of your shape or the way you move,\" Neitz says.

狗可以通过身形和动作识人。内茨说:“如果你的狗能从远处认出你,那不是因为它能像人类一样看清楚你的脸,而是因为认出你的身形或移动方式。”

来源:Insider

编辑:董静

来源:中国日报网

 

   狗狗的嗅觉是不需要多说的,相对于人来说它们的嗅觉系统要发达的太多,听觉也是相当的出色。因为这两项出色的能力让狗狗能够出色地完成很多工作,可是狗狗的视觉却没有前两者这么优秀,而且狗狗似乎天生就是色盲。那么为什么狗是色盲?那是因为狗狗的视网膜上视锥细胞比较少,所以它们眼中的世界不像我们看来这么的富有色彩。

   狗狗眼部结构的特殊性,所以它能分辨出的颜色与红绿色盲患者所能分辨的一样。科学家曾经用有色光的光束照射狗的眼睛,这样就会得到一个从狗眼中反射回的图像,科学家们对这个反射回的图像进行研究,之后再将它与同一种光有人眼中反射出的图像对比。

   可能有人会问导盲犬对红绿灯的判断非常准确,这又是为什么呢?其实,导盲犬能分辨红绿灯并不是因为对颜色的判断,而是依靠两灯的光亮度区别的。研究发现,狗狗对灰色浓淡的辨别力很细微,依靠这种能力,就能分辨出物体上的明暗变化,产生出立体的视觉映像。虽然狗狗不能看出红色、绿色,但是在它眼中不同的灰色是可以判断出来的。

   这就是为什么狗是色盲的原因,但是狗狗的视觉不好并不会影响它们,它们的听觉与嗅觉能够很好的弥补这一不足,只是它们眼中的世界并不是那样的五彩缤纷,似乎有一些可惜。

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